Understand The Formation Process And Classification Of Natural Pearls

Natural pearls are gems that are self-protected and grown by pearl oysters (molluscs such as oysters and mussels) in the natural environment. The formation process is complex and mysterious. The unique luster, shape and color of natural pearls make them a popular ornament in the jewelry industry. Understanding the formation process of natural pearls and their classification will help us better appreciate this miracle from nature.

Formation process of natural pearls

The formation of natural pearls is a natural process completed by mollusks independently, and mainly goes through the following steps:

Foreign irritants enter the shell

The formation of pearls usually begins when some external irritants (such as sand, parasites, etc.) enter the shell of pearl oysters. When these foreign objects enter the shell and contact the internal organs of the mollusk, the shellfish will initiate a series of physiological reactions to protect itself.

Secretion of nacre

In order to wrap this irritant, pearl oysters will secrete a substance called nacre (also known as nacre), which is composed of calcium carbonate and organic matter (such as pearl protein). Pearl oysters gradually wrap foreign objects inside by repeatedly secreting nacre to form pearls.

Formation and growth of pearls

As time goes by, pearl oysters continue to secrete nacre, and layers of nacre accumulate around foreign objects layer by layer to form pearls. As nacre continues to be secreted, the pearl gradually becomes round and smooth. This process may last for several years until the pearl is formed and completes its growth.

Collection of natural pearls

The collection of natural pearls requires special marine fishing techniques. Because the formation of each pearl in the pearl oyster has its own unique natural conditions, the number of natural pearls is very limited and far rarer than artificially cultured pearls.

The formation time of natural pearls is relatively long, ranging from a few years to more than ten years, and because they are natural products, their shape, size, color and luster are unique. Each natural pearl represents a miracle of nature.

Classification of natural pearls

Depending on their formation environment, color, shape, origin and other characteristics, natural pearls can be divided into several different types. The following are several common classification methods:

1. Classification by origin

Seawater pearls: Seawater pearls are a type of natural pearls that usually grow in oysters or shellfish in the ocean. Seawater pearls are widely sought after for their high-quality luster and large size. Common types of seawater pearls include Akoya pearls, South Sea pearls, Tahitian black pearls, etc.

Akoya pearls: Mainly produced in Japan, China and other regions, are traditional seawater pearls, known for their round shape and high luster.

South Sea pearls: Mainly produced in Australia, the Philippines, Indonesia and other places, usually larger, rich in color, and have a very high market value.

Tahitian black pearls: Mainly produced in French Polynesia, the color ranges from dark green to black, and is favored by jewelry lovers for its mysterious and unique luster.

Freshwater pearls: Freshwater pearls usually grow in clams in freshwater lakes and rivers. They have a larger output than seawater pearls and are usually cheaper than seawater pearls. The shape of freshwater pearls is not as regular as that of seawater pearls, and usually presents an irregular shape. Due to the improvement of breeding technology, modern freshwater pearls can also have very high luster and color.

2. Classification by shape

Round pearls: Round is the most classic and most popular pearl shape. They usually have a very symmetrical shape and are suitable for making various jewelry, especially pearl necklaces and pearl earrings.

Oval pearls: Oval pearls are slightly more irregular than round pearls, but still have a beautiful luster. Oval pearls can bring a unique visual effect and are suitable for people who like to be different.

Baroque pearls: Baroque pearls are irregular, free-form, and often artistic. Their shapes and surfaces are often asymmetrical, giving people a natural and unique feel. Baroque pearls are often used in creative jewelry and are suitable for consumers who like personalized jewelry.

Button-shaped pearls: Button-shaped pearls are flat at both ends and thicker in the middle, shaped like a button, and are often used in earring and necklace designs. They have a more three-dimensional appearance than round pearls.

3. Classification by color

The color of pearls is affected by their species and the breeding environment. Common natural pearl colors include:

White pearls: White pearls are often regarded as the most classic pearl color, especially Akoya pearls are famous for their white color.

Pink pearls: Pink pearls have a gentle tone, usually showing light pink or soft purple-pink, and are widely favored by female jewelry lovers.

Golden pearls: Golden pearls are usually the representative color of South Sea pearls, ranging from dark gold to light gold, symbolizing luxury and nobility.

Black pearls: Black pearls, especially Tahitian black pearls, range in color from dark black to dark green and blue-green, with a mysterious and unique luster.

Other colors such as purple and green: Some pearls, such as freshwater pearls, may appear in special colors such as purple, green, and cyan, giving people a unique visual experience.

4. Classification by luster

High-luster pearls: High-luster pearls have a smooth surface, and light can clearly reflect a mirror-like effect, usually with a higher price.

Low-luster pearls: Low-luster pearls have a weaker surface luster and look softer and warmer. They are usually cheaper than high-luster pearls.